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Formation and evolution of nuclear star clusters with in-situ star-formation: Nuclear cores and age segregation

机译:原位核星团的形成与演化   恒星形成:核心和年龄分离

摘要

Nuclear stellar cluster (NSCs) are known to exist around massive black holes(MBHs) in galactic nuclei. Two formation scenarios were suggested for theirorigin: (1) Build-up of NSCs from consecutive infall of stellar cluster and (2)Continuous in-situ star-formation. Though the cluster-infall scenario has beenextensively studied in recent years, the in-situ formation scenario have beenhardly explored. Here we use Fokker-Planck (FP) calculations to study theeffects of star formation on the build-up of NSCs and its implications fortheir long term evolution and their resulting structure. We use the FP equationto describe the evolution of several stellar populations, and add appropriatesource terms to account for the effects of newly formed stars. We show thatcontinuous star-formation even 1-2 pc away from the MBH can lead to thebuild-up of an NSC with properties similar to those of the Milky-way NSC. Wealso find that the general structure of the old stellar population in the NSCwith in-situ star-formation could be very similar to the steady-stateBahcall-Wolf cuspy structure. However, its younger stellar population do notyet achieve a steady state. In particular, formed/evolved NSCs with in-situstar-formation contain differential age-segregated stellar populations whichare not yet fully mixed. Younger stellar populations formed in the outerregions of the NSC have a cuspy structure towards the NSC outskirts, whileshowing a core-like distribution inwards; with younger populations havinglarger core sizes. In principal, such a structure can give rise to an apparentcore-like radial distribution of younger (up to 2-3 Gyrs) stars, as observed inthe Galactic center. Such an NSC still preserves an underlying stellar cusp ofolder stars, that can be potentially be missed by current observations ofred-giants.
机译:已知星系星团(NSC)存在于银河核中的大黑洞(MBH)周围。对于它们的起源,提出了两种形成方案:(1)由于星团的连续入射而形成的NSCs;(2)连续的原位恒星形成。尽管近年来已经对集群倒塌情景进行了广泛的研究,但对地层形成情景却几乎没有进行探讨。在这里,我们使用福克-普朗克(FP)计算来研究恒星形成对NSC积累的影响及其对NSC长期演化及其结果结构的影响。我们使用FP方程来描述几个恒星种群的演化,并添加适当的源项以解释新形成的恒星的影响。我们显示,即使距离MBH 1-2颗恒星也可以形成具有与银河系NSC相似性质的NSC。我们还发现,NSC中具有原位恒星形成的旧恒星种群的总体结构可能与稳态的Bahcall-Wolf cuspy结构非常相似。但是,其年轻的恒星种群尚未达到稳定状态。特别是,具有原位星形成的已形成/进化的NSC包含年龄差异较大的恒星种群,尚未完全混合。在NSC外围地区形成的年轻恒星种群向NSC郊区呈麻木结构,同时向内呈核样分布。年轻人口的核心人数较多。原则上,如在银河系中心所观察到的那样,这种结构会引起年轻(最多2-3 Gyrs)恒星的表观核状径向分布。这样的NSC仍然保留着潜在恒星的旧恒星尖峰,而当前对红巨星的观测可能会将其遗漏。

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